(last modified March 6, 2010)
The DMD gene genomic reference sequence we currently use has been generated in collaboration with NCBI's RefSeqGene project, record NG_012232.1. This record is also used as the basis for the description of sequence variants in the DMD gene (see the DMD gene variant databases).
The reference sequence we have used in the past was constructed as described below (Table "Genomic Reference Sequence of the dystrophin (DMD) gene"). The sequence was based on the individual sequences released from the Human Genome Project (HGP), mainly completely sequenced PAC and BAC clones.
On specific issues, more detailed data can be found at;
Region DMD gene | GenBank file | Lentgh (in bp) |
Clone | Remark |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dp527c exon 1 |
AL050305 (15,033 - 14,683) |
139,258 | RPCI6 - 60B16 | 125 kb upstream - 15 kb donwstream |
Dp427m exon 1 |
AL031643 (20,769 - 20,495) |
133,889 | RPCI4 - 769D20 | 100 bp overlap with AL050305 123 kb upstream - 20 kb donwstream |
Dp527p exon 1 / exon X |
AL049643 (56,235 - 55,962) |
118,695 | RPCI4 - 672M15 | 100 bp overlap with AL031643 62 kb upstream - 56 kb donwstream |
intron 1 | AL139401 | 16,392 (>200 kb) |
RPCI5 - 1154A22 | 100 bp overlap with AL049643 intron 1 |
exon 2 | AL451144 | 100,207 | RPCI11 - 151J4 | 100 bp overlap with AL139401 36 kb intron 1 - 64 kb intron 2 |
intron 2 | AL121880 | 87,065 | RPCI5 - 1174H9 | 100 bp overlap with AL451144 87 kb intron 2 |
exon 3-9 | AL096699 (not annotated) |
203,006 | RPCI5 - 1145L23 | 100 bp overlap wit AL121880 19 kb intron 2 - 32 kb intron 9 |
exon 10-16 | AC004468 | 127,757 | RPCI1 - 37A12 | 13.2 kb overlap with AL096699 34 kb intron 9 - 14 kb intron 16 |
exon 12-25 | AC012042, not annotated |
168,223 | RPCI11 - 45N17 | 17 kb intron 11 - 0.6 kb intron 25 |
intron 16 | AL596023 | 3,996 | RPCI11 - 142J18 | 2 kb overlap with AC004468 |
exon 17-29 | AL031542, not annotated |
132,290 | RPCI5 - 1147O16 | 6 kb intron 16 - 19 kb intron 29 1,977 bp overlap with AL596023 |
exon 30-42 | AL109609 | 109,098 | RPCI4 - 556A22 | 100 bp overlap with AL031542 7 kb intron 30 - exon 42] |
exon 42-44 | AL139278, not annotated |
95,866 | RPCI4 - 639D23 | [exon 42 - 2.6 kb intron 44 |
exon 43-44 | AC096506 | 120,135 | RPCI11 - 64I1 | 2,007 bp overlap with AC078957 3.5 kb intron 43 - 46 kb intron 44 |
intron 44 | AC078957 | 198,088 | RPCI11 - 339E16 | 2,007 bp overlap with AC096506 44 kb 3'exon 44 - 6 kb 5' exon 45 |
exon 45-50 | AC093193 | 83,001 | RPCI11 - 607K23 | 1,089 bp overlap with AC078957 |
exon 48-51 | AC079864 | 161,874 | RPCI11 - 662G16 | 2,646 bp overlap with AC093193 |
exon 52-55 | AC093167 | 75,001 | RPCI11 - 593P4 | 1,569 bp overlap with AC079864 |
exon 54-56 | AC079175 | 163,198 | RPCI11 - 122N14 | 2,072 bp overlap with AC093167 4 kb intron 53 - 8 kb intron 56 |
exon 57-61 | AC079177 | 155,533 | RPCI11 - 147B14 | 2,000 bp overlap with AC079175 4 kb intron 56 - 3 kb intron 61 |
exon 62 | AC090632 | 34,346 | RPCI11 - 674B1 | 2,008 bp overlap with AC079177 24 kb intron 61 - 10 kb intron 62 |
exon 63-77 | AC078958 | 187,547 | RPCI11 - 609C15 | 1,972 bp overlap with AC090632 44 kb intron 62 - 6.3 kb intron 77 |
exon 78 (65-79) |
AC079143 | 5,303 | RPCI11 - 346D13 | 2,000 bp overlap with AC078958 2.9 kb intron 62 - 2.3 kb intron 78 |
exon 79 | AC006061 | 98,056 | BAC GSHB-19O24 | 1,998 bp overlap with AC079143 4.3 kb intron 78 - 91 kb downstream |
DXS1093 | AC117405 | 153,177 | RPCI11 - 340I10 |
1,999 overlap with AC006061 |
Legend:
Region DMD gene: DMD gene region covered by the respective sequence
file. GenBank file: accession number of the sequence in GenBank.
Lentgh (in bp): length of sequence in the GenBank file as used for the DMD
genomic Reference Sequence. Clone:
clone-ID. Remark: details on the clone.
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